Biography of Ulugh Beg
The Timurid ruler and patron of mathematics and astronomy Ulugh Beg was born in Sul&#;&#;niyya on 19 Jum&#;d&#; I AH [= 23 March ]. He was a son of Sh&#;hrukh M&#;rz&#; () and a grandson of T&#;m&#;r ().
&#;Abd al-La&#;if M&#;rz&#; (c. ).
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Death of Ulugh Beg
After Ulugh Beg&#;s surrender &#;Abd al-La&#;if granted his father permission to undertake a pilgrimage to Mecca, but similtaneously had &#; unknown to Ulugh Beg &#; a sharia court decide on his fate. When the court issued a fatwa ordering his death assassins were sent after Ulugh Beg and his party and killed him not far from Samarkand. The death of Ulugh Beg, as recorded on the headstone of his tomb in the G&#;r-i Am&#;r, was on 10 Rama&#;&#;n AH [= 27 October ] although some sources claim that his assassination occurred two days earlier, on 8 Rama&#;&#;n.
A few days after Ulugh Beg&#;s death, &#;Abd al-La&#;if also had his younger brother &#;Abd al-&#;Az&#;z killed but he spared the life of his uncle &#;Abdull&#;h M&#;rz&#; ((?)) whom he had imprisoned. &#;Abd al-La&#;if survived his father a little more tha
From: Thomas Hockey et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer Reference. New York: Springer, , pp. Courtesy of Springer.
Benno van Dalen
Ulugh Beg: Muḥammad Ṭaraghāy ibn Shāhrukh ibn Tīmūr
BornSulṭāniyya, (Iran), 22 March
Diednear Samarqand, (Uzbekistan), 27 October
Ulugh Beg (Turkish for “great prince”) was governor of Transoxiana and Turkestan and, during the last 2 years of his life, Timurid Sultan. However, he is mostly remembered as a patron of mathematics and astronomy. In Samarqand, he founded a school and the famous astronomical observatory, where the most extensive observations of planets and fixed stars at any Islamic observatory were made. Ulugh Beg is associated with a Persian astronomical handbook (zīj) that stands out for the accuracy with which its tables were computed.
Ulugh Beg was the first‐born son of Shāhrukh (youngest son of the infamous conqueror Tīmūr or Tamerlane) and his first wife Gawharshād. He was raised at the court of his grandfather and, at the age of 10, was married to his cousin Agha Bīkī, whose mother was a direct descendent of Chingiz Khan. Thus Ulugh Beg could use the epithet Gūrgān, “royal
Ulugh Beg
(b. Sulṭāniyya, Central Asia, 22 March ; d, near Samarkand, Central Asia [now Uzbek S.S.R.], 27 October )
astronomy.
Ulugh Beg, which means “great prince,” was a title that replaced his original name, Muhammad Taragay. He was raised at the court of his grandfather, Tamerlane, and from was the ruler of Maverannakhr, the chief city of which was Samarkand.
In contrast with his grandfather, Ulugh Beg was not interested in conquest but gained fame as a scientist. At Samarkand in he founded a madrasa, or institution of higher learning, in which astronomy was the most important subject. Ulugh Beg himself selected the scientists who taught there, first interviewing them to determine their qualifications. His madrasa differed from others of that time both in the content and in the level of the subjects taught there. Besides Ulugh Beg, the lecturers included Salāh al-Dīn Mūsā ibn Mahmūd (Qādī Zāda), and Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd al-Kāshī.
Four years after founding the madrasa, Ulugh Beg erected a three-story observatory. At the instigation of the jurists, however, the building was reduced to ruins by the beginning of the sixteenth century, and in time apparently
Ulugh Beg
Quick Info
Soltaniyeh, Timurid, Persia (now Iran)
Samarkand, Timurid empire
Biography
Ulugh Beg was the grandson of the conqueror Timur, who is often known as Tamerlane (from Timur-I-Leng meaning Timur the Lame, a title of contempt used by his Persian enemies). Although in this archive we are primarily interested in Ulugh Beg's achievements in mathematics and astronomy, we need to examine the history of the area since it had such a major impact on Ulugh Beg's life.Timur, Ulugh Beg's grandfather, came from the Turkic Barlas tribe which was a Mongol tribe that was living in Transoxania, today essentially Uzbekistan. He united several Turko-Mongol tribes under his leadership and set out on a conquest, with his armies of mounted archers, of the area now occupied by Iran, Iraq, and eastern Turkey.
Shortly after his grandson Ulugh Beg was born, Timur invaded India and by he had t
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