A Biography on Fukuzawa Yukichi
Fukuzawa Yukichi was born on 10 January at the height of the Tokugawa Shogunate’s strictly hierarchical society. His father belonged to the lower two-thirds of the society; according to the laws of the then society, a lower samurai would not overtake an upper samurai regardless of one’s talents and merit. Thus, a lower samurai could rise within his class, but would fail to reach the upper-rank samurai. The society was strict as it categorized citizens into upper and lower classes, which forbade intermarriage between people of different ranks. Besides legal unions, customs and laws prohibited illicit unions from two separate classes such as kyunin and kachi. The fact that positions were assigned to birth or marriage rights implied that the people knew their roles in the society since early stages of their lives. The lower ranks of the society were not accorded similar rights with their higher ranks counterparts hence they were treated as second-class citizens. For example, the ashigaru or the lowest ranking samurai would prostrate to the ground whenever they would meet an upper samurai. A person’s position in the clan determined one’s freedom. Fuk
Bio Fukuzawa Yukichi
Fukuzawa was born in Ōsaka into the family of an impoverished low-ranking samuraiof the Okudaira clan of Nakatsu (中津, now part of Ōita Prefecture) in Kyushu. His father was a Confucian scholar who had to serve his feudal domain as an accountant. When he died the family moved back to Nakatsu, a place Fukuzawa hated for its "narrow stiffness". Although the best student in his class, he had to address the children of higher-ranking samurai respectfully, while they treated him with contempt. To escape from Nakatsu&#;s restrictions, he went to Nagasaki in to study Western gunnery and on to Ōsaka in to join the Tekijuku(適塾), the celebrated school for
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I had been living in Japan for a year before I got the idea to look up whose portraits were on the banknotes I was handling every day. In the United States, the faces of presidents and statesmen adorn our currency. So I was surprised to learn that the mustachioed man on the ¥1, note with which I purchased my daily bento box was a bacteriologist. It was a pleasant surprise, though. It seems to me that a society that esteems bacteriologists over politicians is in many ways a healthy one.
But it was the lofty gaze of the man on the ¥10, note that really caught my attention. I find that always having a spare ¥10, note is something of a necessity in Japan. You never know when you might stumble upon a pop-up artisanal sake kiosk beside a metro station staircase that only accepts cash and only opens one day a year. So over the course of my time in Japan I had come to kn
The Autobiography Of Fukuzawa Yukichi
Book Source:Digital Library of India Item
: Henry Thomas Buckle
: State Central Library, Hyd
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lrepublisher: Bis/chief Librarian, Scl, Hyd
her: Edw: G. Allen Amp Son,
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y: State Central Library, Hyd
fication: Eiichi Kiyooka
: The Autobiography Of Fukuzawa Yukichi
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